Bryan R Early is an assistant professor in the Political Science Department at the University at Albany, SUNY and the founding Director of the Project on International Security, Commerce and Economic Statecraft (PISCES) at the Center for Policy Research. He conducts research on topics related to foreign policy and international security and is an expert on economic sanctions, strategic trade controls, and the proliferation of nuclear and aerospace technology. He is the author of Busted Sanctions: Explaining Why Economic Sanctions Fail (Stanford University Press, 2015), which explains the role played by both the United States' adversaries and allies in undercutting the effectiveness of U.S. sanctions.